EXHIBIT A
CONDOMINIUM
BY‑LAWS
GOSHORN LAKE
COTTAGE CONDOMINIUMS
ARTICLE
I
ASSOCIATION
OF CO‑OWNERS
1.1 Organization. Goshorn Lake Cottage Condominiums, a resort condo- minium project
located in the Township of Saugatuck and the Township of Laketown, Allegan
County, Michigan (the "Project") is being developed in a single phase
so as to comprise a maximum of twenty-four (24) living units (the
"Units"). Upon the recording
of the Master Deed, the management, maintenance, operation and administration
of the Project shall be vested in an Association of Co‑owners organized
as a non‑profit corporation under the laws of the State of Michigan (the
"Association"). The
Association will keep current copies of the Master Deed, all amendments to the
Master Deed, and other Condominium Documents for the Project available at
reasonable hours for inspection by Co‑owners, prospective purchasers,
mortgagees and prospective mortgagees of Units in the Project.
1.2 Compliance. All present and future Co‑owners mortgagees, lessees or
other persons who may use the facilities of the Condominium in any manner shall
be subject to and comply with the provisions of Act No. 59, P.A. 1978, as
amended (the "Condominium Act" or "Act"), the Master Deed
and all amendments thereto, the Condominium Bylaws, and the Articles of
Incorporation, Association By‑Laws, and other Condominium Documents which
pertain to the use and operation of the Condominium property. The acceptance of a deed of conveyance, the
entering into of a lease or the act of occupancy of a Condominium Unit in the
Project shall constitute an acceptance of the terms of these instruments and an
agreement to comply with such provisions.
ARTICLE II
MEMBERSHIP
AND VOTING
2.1 Membership. Each Co‑owner of a Unit in the Project, present and future,
shall be a member of the Association and no other person or entity will be
entitled to membership. The share of a
member in the funds and assets of the Association may be assigned, pledged or
transferred only as an appurtenance to his Condominium Unit.
2.2 Voting Rights. Except as limited in the Master Deed and in these By‑Laws, each Co‑owner will be entitled to one vote for each Unit
owned when voting by number and one vote, the value of which shall equal the
total of the percentages assigned to the Unit or Units owned by him when voting
by value. Voting shall be by number,
except in those instances where voting is specifically required to be in both
value and in number, and no cumulation of votes shall be permitted.
2.3 Eligibility to Vote. No Co‑owner, other than the Developer, will be entitled to
vote at any meeting of the Association until he has presented written evidence
of ownership of a Condominium Unit in the Project, nor shall he be entitled to
vote (except for elections pursuant to Section 3.4) prior to the Initial
Meeting of Members. The Developer shall
be entitled to vote only those Units to which it still holds title and for
which it is paying the current monthly assessment in effect at the date on
which the vote is cast.
2.4 Designation of Voting Representative. The person entitled to cast the vote for the Unit and to receive
all notices and other communications from the Association shall be designated
by a certificate signed by all the record owners of the Unit and filed with the
Secretary of the Association. Such
certificate shall state the name and address of the individual representative
designated, the number or numbers of the Unit or Units owned, and the name and
address of the person or persons, firm, corporation, partnership, association,
trust or other legal entity who is the Unit owner. All certificates shall be valid until revoked, until superseded
by a subsequent certificate or until a change in the ownership of the Unit
concerned.
2.5 Proxies.
Votes may be cast in person or by proxy. Proxies may be made by any designated voting representative who
is unable to attend the meeting in person.
Proxies will be valid only for the particular meeting designated and any
adjournment of that meeting, and must be filed with the Association before the
appointed time of the meeting.
2.6 Majority. At any meeting of members at which a quorum is present, 51% of
the Co‑owners entitled to vote and present in person or by proxy (or
written vote, if applicable), shall constitute a majority for the approval of
the matters presented to the meeting, except in those instances in which a
majority exceeding a simple majority is required by these Bylaws, the Master
Deed or by law.
ARTICLE III
MEETINGS
AND QUORUM
3.1 Initial Meeting of Members. The initial meeting of the members of the Association may be
convened only by the Developer, and may be called at any time after two or more
of the Units in the Project have been sold and the purchasers of such units
qualified as members of the Association.
In no event, however, shall such meeting be called later than 120 days
after the conveyance of legal or equitable title to non‑developer Co‑owners
of 75% of the total number of Units in the Project or 54 months after the first
conveyance of legal or equitable title to a non‑developer Co‑owner
of a Unit in the Project, whichever first occurs, at which meeting the eligible
Co‑owners may vote for the election of directors of the Association. The Developer may call meetings of members
of the Association for informational or other purposes prior to the initial
meeting, but no such informational meeting shall be construed as the initial
meeting of members.
3.2 Annual Meeting of Members. After the initial meeting has occurred, annual meetings of the
members shall be held in each year on a date and at a time and place selected
by the Board of Directors. At least 20
days prior to the date of an annual meeting, written notice of the date, time,
place and purpose of such meeting shall be mailed or delivered to each member
entitled to vote at the meeting; provided, that not less than 30 days written
notice shall be provided to each member of any proposed amendment to these By‑Laws
or to other recorded Condominium Documents.
3.3 Advisory Committee. Within one year after the initial conveyance by the Developer of
legal or equitable title to a Co‑owner of a Unit in the Project, or
within 120 days after conveyance of one‑third of the total number of
Units in the Project, whichever first occurs, two or more persons shall be
selected by the Developer from among the non‑developer Co‑owners to
serve as an Advisory Committee to the Board of Directors. The purpose of the Advisory Committee is to
facilitate communication between the Developer‑appointed Board of
Directors and the non‑developer Co‑owners and to aid in the
ultimate transition of control to the Owners.
The members of the Advisory Committee shall serve for one year or until
their successors are selected, and the Committee shall automatically cease to
exist at the Transitional Control Date.
The Board of Directors and the Advisory Committee shall meet with each
other at such times as may be requested by the Advisory Committee; provided,
however, that there shall be not more than two such meetings each year unless
both parties agree.
3.4 Board Composition. Not later than 120 days after conveyance of legal or equitable
title to non‑developer Co‑owners of 25% of the Units in the
Project, at least 1 director and not less than one‑fourth of the Board of
Directors of the Association shall be elected by non‑developer Co‑owners.
Not later than 120 days after conveyance of legal or equitable title to non‑developer
Co‑owners of 50% of the Units in the Project, not less than one‑third
of the Board of Directors shall be elected by non‑developer Co‑owners. Not later than 120 days after conveyance of
legal or equitable title to non‑developer Co‑owners of 75% of the
Units in the Project, and before conveyance of 90% of such Units, the non‑developer
Co‑owners shall elect all directors on
the Board except that the
Developer shall have the right to designate at least one director as long as
the Developer owns and offers for sale at least 10% of the Units in the Project
or as long as 10% of the Units remain that may be constructed.
3.5 Owner Control. If 75% of the Units in the Project have not been conveyed within
54 months after the first conveyance of legal or equitable title to a non‑developer
Co‑owner, the non‑developer Co‑owners shall have the right to
elect a number of members of the Board of Directors of the Association equal to
the percentage of Units they hold, and the Developer will have the right to
elect a number of members of the Board equal to the percentage of Units which
are owned by the Developer and for which assessments are payable by the
Developer. This election may increase,
but shall not reduce, the minimum election and designation rights otherwise
established. Application of this
provision does not require a change in the size of the Board as designated in
the corporate by‑laws.
3.6 Mathematical Calculations. If the calculation of the percentage of members of the Board that
the non‑developer Co‑owners have a right to elect, or the product
of the number of members of the Board multiplied by the percentage of Units
held by the non‑developer Co‑owners results in a right of non‑developer
Co‑owners to elect a fractional number of members of the Board, then a
fractional election right of 0.5 or greater shall be rounded up to the nearest
whole number. After application of this
formula, the Developer shall have the right to elect the remaining members of
the Board. Application of this
provision shall not eliminate the right of the Developer to designate at least
one member as provided in Section 3.4.
3.7 Quorum of Members. The presence in person or by proxy of thirty‑five (35%)
percent of the Co‑owners entitled to vote shall constitute a quorum of
members. The written vote of any owner furnished at or prior to a meeting, at
which meeting such owner is not otherwise present in person or by proxy, shall
be counted in determining the presence of a quorum with respect to the question
upon which the vote is cast.
ARTICLE IV
ADMINISTRATION
4.1 Board of Directors. The business, property and affairs of the Association shall be
managed by a Board of Directors to be elected in the manner described in the
Association By‑Laws; provided, that the directors designated in the
Articles of Incorporation shall serve until such time as their successors have
been duly elected and qualified at the initial meeting of members. All actions of the first Board of Directors
designated in the Articles of Incorporation or any successors to such directors
selected by the Developer before the initial meeting of members shall be
binding upon the Association in the same manner as though such actions had been
authorized by a Board of Directors elected by the members of the Association,
so long as such actions are within the scope of the powers and duties which may
be exercised by the Board of Directors as provided in the Condominium
Documents. A service contract or
management agreement entered into between the Association and the Developer or
affiliates of the Developer shall be voidable without cause by the Board of
Directors on the Transitional Control Date or within ninety (90) days
thereafter, and on thirty (30) days notice at any time thereafter for cause.
4.2 Powers and Duties. The Board shall have all powers and duties necessary for the
administration of the affairs of the Association, and may take all actions in
support of such administration as are not prohibited by the Condominium
Documents or specifically reserved to the members. The powers and duties to be exercised by the Board shall include,
but shall not be limited to, the following:
(a) Care, upkeep and maintenance of the common elements;
(b) Development of an annual budget, and the determination, levy
and collection of assessments required for the operation and affairs of the
Condominium;
(c) Employment and dismissal of personnel as necessary for the
efficient management and operation of the Condominium property;
(d) Adoption and amendment of rules and regulations which are not
inconsistent with the provisions of Article VII of these Bylaws, governing the
use of the Condominium property;
(e) Opening bank accounts, borrowing money and issuing evidences
of indebtedness in furtherance of the purposes of the Condominium, and
designating signatories required for such purpose;
(f) Obtaining insurance for Condominium property, the premiums of
which shall be an expense of administration;
(g) Granting licenses for the use of portions of the common
elements for purposes not inconsistent with the provisions of the Act or of the
Condominium Documents;
(h) Authorizing the execution of contracts, deeds of conveyance,
easements and rights‑of‑way affecting any real or personal property
of the Condominium on behalf of the Co‑owners;
(i) Making repairs, additions and improvements to, or alterations
of, the Condominium property, and repairs to and restoration of the property in
accordance with the other provisions of these By‑Laws after damage or
destruction by fire or other casualty, or as a result of condemnation or
eminent domain proceedings;
(j) Asserting, defending or settling claims on behalf of all Co‑owners
in connection with the common elements of the Project and, upon written notice
to all Co‑owners, instituting actions on behalf of and against the Co‑owners
in the name of the Association; and
(k) Such further duties as may be imposed by resolution of the
members of the Association or which may be required by the Condominium
Documents or the Act.
4.3 Books of Account. The Association shall keep books and records containing a
detailed account of the expenditures and receipts of administration, which will
specify the maintenance and repair expenses of the Common Elements and any
other expenses incurred by or on behalf of the Association and its
members. Such accounts shall be open
for inspection by the Co‑owners and their mortgagees during reasonable
working hours. The Association shall
also prepare and distribute a financial statement to each Co‑owner at
least once a year, the contents of which will be defined by the
Association. The books and records
shall be reviewed annually and audited at such times as required by the Board
of Directors by qualified independent accountants (who need not be certified
public accountants), and the cost of such review or audit shall be an expense
of administration.
4.4 Maintenance and Repair. All maintenance of and repair to a Condominium Unit, other than
maintenance of and repair to any General Common Element located within the
Unit, shall be made by the Co‑owner of such Unit. Any Co‑owner who desires to make repairs
to a Common Element or structural modifications to his Unit must first obtain
the written consent of the Association, and shall be responsible for all
damages to other Units or to the Common Elements resulting from such repairs or
from his failure to effect such maintenance and repairs.
All maintenance of, repair to and replacement for
the General Common Elements, whether located inside or outside the Units, and
to Limited Common Elements to the extent required by the Master Deed, shall be
made by the Association and shall be charged to all the Co‑owners as a
common expense unless necessitated by the negligence, misuse or neglect of a
particular Co‑owner, in which case the expense shall be charged to such
Co‑owner individually. The
Association or its agent shall have access to each Unit from time to time
during reasonable working hours, upon notice to the occupant, for the purpose
of maintenance, repair or replacement
of any of the Common
Elements located within or accessible only from a Unit. The Association or its agents shall also
have access to each Unit at all times without notice for making emergency
repairs necessary to prevent damage to other Units, the Common Elements or
both.
4.5 Reserve Fund. The Association shall maintain a reserve fund, to be used for
major repairs and replacement of the Common Elements, as provided by Section
105 of the Act. Such fund shall be established in the minimum amount required
on or before the Transitional Control Date, and shall, to the extent possible, be
maintained at a level which is equal to or greater than 10% of the then current
annual budget of the Association on a noncumulative basis. The minimum reserve standard required by
this Section may prove to be inadequate, and the Board should carefully analyze
the Project from time to time in order to determine if a greater amount should
be set aside or if additional reserve funds shall be established for other
purposes.
4.6 Construction Liens. A construction lien arising as a result of
work performed on a Condominium Unit or on an appurtenant Limited Common
Element shall attach only to the Unit upon which the work was performed, and a
lien for work authorized by the Developer or its principal contractor shall
attach only to Condominium Units owned by the Developer at the time of
recording the statement of account and lien.
A construction lien for work authorized by the Association shall attach
to each Unit only to the proportionate extent that the Co‑owner of such
Unit is required to contribute to the expenses of administration. No construction lien shall arise or attach
to a Condominium Unit for work performed on the General Common Elements not
contracted by the Association or the Developer.
4.7 Managing Agent. The Board may employ a Management Company or
Managing Agent at a compensation established by the Board to perform such
duties and services as the Board shall authorize, including, but not limited
to, the powers and duties described in Section 4.2. The Developer or any person or entity related to the Developer
may serve as Managing Agent if so appointed.
4.8 Officers. The Association By‑Laws shall provide the designation,
number, terms of office, qualifications, manner of election, duties, removal
and replacement of officers of the Association and may contain any other
provisions pertinent to officers of the Association not inconsistent with these
Bylaws. Officers may be compensated,
but only upon the affirmative vote of sixty (60%) percent or more of all Co‑owners.
4.9 Indemnification. All directors and officers of the Association shall be entitled
to indemnification against costs and expenses incurred as a result of actions
(other than wilful or wanton misconduct or gross negligence) taken or failed to
be taken on behalf of the Association upon 10 days notice to all Co‑owners,
in the manner and to the extent provided by the Association By‑Laws. In the event that no judicial determination
as to indemnification has been made, an opinion of independent counsel as to
the propriety of indemnification shall be obtained if a majority of Co‑owners
vote to procure such an opinion.
ARTICLE V
ASSESSMENTS
5.1 Administrative Expenses. The Association shall be assessed as the entity in possession of
any tangible personal property of the Condominium owned or possessed in common,
and personal property taxes levied on such property shall be treated as
expenses of administration. All costs
incurred by the Association in satisfaction of any liability arising within,
caused by or connected with the Common Elements or the administration of the
Project shall be expenses of administration, and all sums received as proceeds
of, or pursuant to any policy of insurance securing the interests of the Co‑owners
against liabilities or losses arising within, caused by or connected with the
Common Elements or the administration of such Common Elements shall be receipts
of administration.
5.2 Determination of Assessments. Assessments will be determined in accordance with the following
provisions:
(a) Initial Budget. The Board of Directors of the Association shall establish an
initial budget in advance for each fiscal year, which budget will project all
expenses for the coming year that may be required for the proper operation,
management and maintenance of the Condominium Project, including a reasonable
allowance for contingencies and reserves.
The annual assessment to be levied against each Unit in the Project
shall then be determined on the basis of the budget. Copies of the budget will be delivered to each Co‑owner,
although the failure to deliver such a copy to each Owner will not affect or in
any way diminish the liability of a Co‑owner for any existing or future
assessment.
(b) Budget Adjustments. Should the Board of Directors determine at any time, in its sole
discretion, that the initial assessments levied are insufficient: (i) to pay the costs of operation and
maintenance of the Common Elements; (ii) to provide for the replacement of
existing Common Elements; (iii) to provide for additions to the Common Elements
not exceeding $1,800 or $75 per Unit annually, whichever is less; or (iv) to
respond to an emergency or unforeseen development; the Board will have the
authority to increase the initial assessment or to levy such additional
assessments as it deems to be necessary for such purpose(s). The discretionary authority of the Board of
Directors to levy additional assessments will rest solely with the Board of
Directors for the benefit of the Association and its members, and will not be
enforceable by any creditors of the Association.
(c) Special Assessments. Special assessments, in excess of those permitted by subsections
(a) and (b), may be made by the Board of Directors from time to time with the
approval of the Co‑owners as provided in this subsection to meet other
needs or requirements of the Association, including but not limited to: (i)
assessments for additions to the Common Elements costing more than $1,800 in
any year; (ii) assessments to purchase a Unit upon foreclosure of the lien
described in Section 5.5; or (iii) assessments for any other appropriate
purpose not specifically described.
Special assessments referred to in this subsection (but not including
those assessments referred to in subsections (a) and (b), which will be levied
in the sole discretion of the Board of Directors) will not be levied without
the prior approval of sixty (60%) percent or more of all Co‑owners. The authority to levy assessments pursuant
to this subsection is solely for the benefit of the Association and its members
and will not be enforceable by any creditors of the Association.
5.3 Apportionment of Assessments. All regular assessments
levied against the Unit Owners to cover expenses of administration shall be
apportioned among and paid by the Co‑owners on an equal basis, without
increase or decrease for the existence of any rights to the use of Limited
Common Elements appurtenant to a Unit; provided, that the Board of Directors
shall be empowered to impose a surcharge not exceeding ten (10%) percent to the
assessment for selected Units if experience proves that such Units add a
disproportional expense to the obligations of the Association than do other
Units in the Project.
Annual assessments determined in accordance with
Section 5.2(a) will be payable by Co‑owners in twelve (12) equal monthly
installments, commencing with the acceptance of a deed to, or a land contract
vendee's interest in a Unit, or with the acquisition of title to a Unit by any
other means. The payment of an
assessment will be in default if the assessment, or any part of it, is not
received by the Association in full on or before the due date assigned by rule
or regulation of the Association.
5.4 Expenses of Administration. The expenses of administration shall consist, among other things,
of such amounts as the Board may deem proper for the operation and maintenance
of the Condominium property under the powers and duties delegated to it and may
include, without limitation, amounts to be set aside for working capital of the
Condominium, for a general operating reserve, for a reserve for replacement and
for meeting any deficit in the common expense for any prior year; provided,
that any reserves established by the Board prior to the initial meeting of
members shall be subject to approval by such members at the initial
meeting. The Board shall advise each Co‑owner
in writing of the amount of common charges payable by him and shall furnish
copies of each budget on which such common charges are based to all Co‑owners.
5.5 Collection of Assessments. Each Co‑owner shall be obligated for the payment of all
assessments levied upon his Unit during the time that he is the Owner of the
Unit, and no Co‑owner may exempt himself from liability for his
contribution toward the expenses of administration by waiver of the use or
enjoyment of any of the Common Elements, or by the abandonment of his
Unit.
(a) Legal Remedies. In the event of default by any Co‑owner in paying the
assessed common charges, the Board may declare all unpaid installments of the
annual assessment for the pertinent fiscal year to be immediately due and
payable. In addition, the Board may
impose reasonable fines or charge interest at the legal rate on such
assessments from and after the due date.
Unpaid assessments shall constitute a lien on the Unit prior to all
other liens except tax liens in favor of any state or federal taxing authority
and sums unpaid upon a first mortgage of record recorded prior to the recording
of any notice of lien by the Association, and the Association may enforce the
collection of all sums due by suit at law for a money judgment or by
foreclosure of the liens securing payment in the manner provided by Section 108
of the Act. In an action for
foreclosure, a receiver may be appointed and reasonable rental for the Unit may
be collected from the Co‑owner or anyone claiming under him, and all
expenses incurred in collection, including interest, costs and actual
attorney's fees, and any advances for taxes or other liens paid by the
Association to protect its lien, shall be chargeable to the Co‑owner in
default.
(b) Sale of Unit. Upon the sale or conveyance of a Condominium Unit, all unpaid
assessments against the Unit shall be paid out of the sale price by the
purchaser in preference over any other assessment or charge except as otherwise
provided by the Condominium Documents or by the Act. A purchaser or grantee may request a written statement from the
Association as to the amount of unpaid assessments levied against the Unit being
sold or conveyed and such purchaser or grantee shall not be liable for, nor
shall the Unit sold or conveyed be subject to a lien for any unpaid assessments
in excess of the amount described in such written statement. Unless the
purchaser or grantee requests a written statement from the Association at least
5 days before sale as provided in the Act, however, the purchaser or grantee
shall be liable for any unpaid assessments against the Unit together with
interest, late charges, costs, and attorneys fees incurred in collection of the
assessments.
(c) Self‑Help. The Association may enter upon the common elements, limited or
general, to remove and abate any condition, or may discontinue the furnishing
of services to a Co‑owner in default under any of the provisions of the
Condominium Documents upon 7 days written notice to such Co‑owner of its
intent to do so. A Co‑owner in
default shall not be entitled to utilize any of the General Common Elements of
the Project and shall not be entitled to vote at any meeting of the Association
so long as the default continues; provided, that this provision shall not
operate to deprive any Owner of ingress and egress to and from his Unit.
(d) Application of Payments. Money received by the Association in payment of assessments in
default shall be applied in the following manner; first, to costs of collection
and enforcement of payment, including reasonable attorneys' fees; second, to
any interest charges and fines for late payment on such assessments; and third,
to installments of assessments in default in order of their due dates.
5.6 Financial Responsibility of the Developer. The Developer of the Condominium, although a member of the
Association, will not be responsible for the payment of either general or
special assessments levied by the Association, except as follows:
(a) Pre‑Turnover
Expenses. During the time that the
Developer controls the Association, it will be its responsibility to keep the
books balanced, and to avoid any deficit in operating expenses. At the time of the initial meeting of members,
the Developer will be liable for the funding of any continuing Association
deficit incurred prior to the Transitional Control Date.
(b) Post‑Turnover
Expenses. After the Transitional Control Date has
occurred, the Developer will not be responsible for the payment of regular
monthly assessments or of special assessments on Units being constructed by it
or under its supervision until such time as the Units have been
"substantially completed" in the manner described by Section 103b(4)
of the Act.
Until substantial completion
has occurred, however, the Developer may be assessed by the Association for
actual costs, if any, incurred by the Association which are directly
attributable to the Units being constructed by the Developer, together with a
reasonable share of costs of administration which indirectly benefit the
Developer (other than costs attributable to the maintenance of cottages), based
on the ratio of completed Units owned by the Developer from time to time to the
number of completed Units owned and/or occupied by non-Developer owners.
(c) Exempted Transactions. The Developer will not be responsible for the payment of any
portion of any general or special assessment which is levied for deferred
maintenance, reserves for replacement or capital improvements or additions,
except with respect to Units which have been substantially completed. In no event will the Developer be liable for
any assessment levied in whole or in part to finance litigation or other claims
against the Developer, any cost of investigating and/or preparing such
litigation or claim, or any similar related costs.
(d) Act to Govern. As long as the Developer owns one or more of the Units in the
Project, it shall be subject to the provisions of the Condominium Documents and
of the Act.
ARTICLE VI
TAXES,
INSURANCE AND REPAIR
6.1 Real Property Taxes. After the year in which construction of the building containing a
Unit is completed, real property taxes and special assessments shall be levied
against the individual Units and not against the total property of the Project,
except for the year in which the Project was established subsequent to the tax
day. Taxes and assessments which become
a lien against the Condominium property in any such year shall be expenses of
administration and shall be assessed against the Units located on the land with
respect to which the tax or assessment was levied in proportion to the
percentage of value assigned to each Unit.
Real property taxes and assessments levied in any year in which the
property existed as an established Project on the tax day shall be assessed
against the individual Units only, even if a subsequent vacation of the Project
has occurred.
Taxes for real property improvements to a specific
Unit shall be assessed against that Unit description only, and each Unit shall
be treated as a separate, single parcel of real property for purposes of
property tax and special assessment. No
Unit shall be combined with any other Unit or Units, and no assessment of any
fraction of a Unit or combination of any Unit with other units or fractions
shall be made, nor shall any division or split of the assessment or taxes of a
single Unit be made whether the Unit be owned separately or in common.
6.2 Insurance Coverage. The Association shall be appointed as Attorney‑in‑Fact
for each Co‑owner to act in connection with insurance matters and shall
be required to obtain and maintain, to the extent appropriate: casualty insurance with extended coverage,
vandalism and malicious mischief endorsements; liability insurance (including
director's and officer's liability coverage if deemed advisable); and worker's
compensation insurance pertinent to the ownership, use and maintenance of the
Common Elements of the Project. All
insurance shall be purchased by the Board of Directors for the benefit of the
Association, the Co‑owners, the mortgagees and the Developer, as their
interests may appear. Such insurance,
other than title insurance, shall be carried and administered according to the
following provisions:
(a) Co‑owner
Responsibilities. Each Co‑owner will be
responsible for obtaining insurance coverage at his/her own expense for the
interior of his/her Unit (including wall coverings, floor coverings, sliders,
windows and screens), and it shall be each Co-owner's responsibility to obtain
insurance coverage for all personal property located within his/her Unit or
elsewhere on the Condominium Property, for personal liability for occurrences
within the Unit or upon the Limited Common Elements appurtenant to the Unit,
and for alternative living expenses in the event of casualty causing temporary
loss of his/her cottage. The
Association and all Co‑owners shall use their best efforts to see that
property and liability insurance carried by the Association or Owner contains
appropriate provisions concerning waiver of the right of subrogation as to any
claims against the Owner or the Association.
(b) Association
Responsibilities. The General Common Elem- ents
and the Limited Common Element buildings in the Project shall be insured by the
Association against fire and other perils covered by a standard extended
coverage endorsement, in an amount equal to the maximum insurable replacement
value, excluding land, landscaping, blacktopping, foundation and excavation
costs, as determined annually by the Board of Directors of the
Association. Such coverage may also
include the interior walls within the
building and the pipes, wires, conduits and ducts located in such walls. Any
improvements made by a Co-owner within his/her Unit subsequent to closing shall
be covered by insurance obtained by and at the expense of the Co-owner.
(c) Fidelity Insurance. The Association may obtain, if desired, fidelity coverage to
protect against dishonest acts by its officers, directors, trustees and
employees and all others who are responsible for handling funds of the
Association.
(d) Power of Attorney. The Board of Directors is irrevocably appointed as the agent for
each Co‑owner, each mortgagee, other named insureds and their
beneficiaries and any other holder of a lien or other interest in the
Condominium or the Condominium Property, to adjust and settle all claims
arising under insurance policies purchased by the Board and to execute and
deliver releases upon the payment of claims.
(e) Indemnification. Each individual Co‑owner shall indemnify and hold harmless
every other Co‑owner, the Developer and the Association for all damages,
costs and judgments, including actual attorneys' fees, which any indemnified
party may suffer as a result of defending claims arising out of an occurrence
on or within an individual Co‑owners Unit or appurtenant Limited Common
Elements. This provision shall not be
construed to give an insurer any subrogation right or other right or claim
against an individual Co‑owner, the Developer or the Association.
(f) Premium Expenses. Except as otherwise provided, all premiums upon insurance
purchased by the Association pursuant to these By‑Laws shall be expenses
of administration.
6.3 Reconstruction and Repair. If any part of the
Condominium Property is damaged or destroyed, and the proceeds of the insurance
policy or policies payable by reason of the damage or destruction are
sufficient to reconstruct the property which has been damaged or destroyed, the
proceeds shall be used for such purpose. As used in this Section,
"reconstruction" means the restoration of the Condominium Property to
substantially the same condition that existed before the damage or destruction
occurred, with each Unit and Common Element having the same vertical and
horizontal boundaries as existed prior to the damage or destruction.
(a) Insufficient Insurance
Proceeds.
If the property which is damaged or destroyed is not insured against the peril
causing the loss, or if for any other reason the proceeds of the insurance
policy or policies payable by reason of the damage or destruction are
insufficient to reconstruct the property in the manner described above, a
decision as to whether or not the property will be reconstructed shall be made
by the affirmative vote of not less than 80% of the Co‑owners voting at a
meeting called for that specific purpose.
Any such meeting shall be held within 30 days following the final
adjustment of insurance claims, if any, or within 90 days after the casualty
happens, whichever first occurs. At any
such meeting, the Board or its representative shall present to the Co‑owners
an estimate of the cost of the reconstruction and the estimated amount of
special assessments to be levied against each Unit in order to pay for
reconstruction. If the property is
reconstructed, any insurance proceeds received shall be applied to
reconstruction, and special assessments may be levied against the Units in
order to pay the balance of the reconstruction costs.
(b) Withdrawal from the
Condominium.
If the property which is damaged or destroyed is not insured against the peril
causing the loss, or if for any other reason the proceeds of the insurance
policy or policies payable by reason of the damage or destruction are
insufficient to reconstruct the property in the manner described above, and if
a decision to reconstruct is not made in the manner provided by subparagraph
(a), pro-vision for the withdrawal of the damaged property from the provisions
of the Act may be made by the affirmative vote of not fewer than 80% of the Co‑owners
voting at a meeting called for the specific purpose. Any such meeting shall be held within 30 days following the final
adjustment of insurance claims, if any, or within 90 days after the casualty
happens, whichever first occurs. If any
Unit or portion of a Unit is withdrawn, the percent-age of ownership in the
Common Elements appurtenant to the withdrawn property shall be reallocated
among the remaining Units not withdrawn on the basis of the relative percentages
of ownership in the Common Elements appurtenant to each remaining Unit. If only a portion of a Unit is withdrawn,
the percentage of ownership in the Common Elements appurtenant to the Unit
shall be reduced accordingly, on the basis of the diminution in market value of
such Unit, as determined by the Board.
(c) Allocation of Proceeds. In the event of the withdrawal of a Unit, a Common Element or a
portion of either, any insurance proceeds received by the Association shall be
allocated among the withdrawn Units and/or Common Elements on the basis of the
square footage with-drawn or such other equitable basis as the Board of
Directors may determine. As
compensation for such withdrawals: (i)
any insurance proceeds allocated to withdrawn Units or portions of Units shall
be applied in payment to the Owners of such Units in proportion to their
relative percentages of ownership in the Common Elements appurtenant to such
withdrawn Units, or portions of them; (ii) any insurance proceeds allocated to
withdrawn portions of the Limited Common Elements shall be applied in payment
to the Unit Owners entitled to their use in proportion to their relative
percentages of ownership in the Common Elements appurtenant to the Units served
by such Limited Common Elements; and (iii) any insurance proceeds allocated to
withdrawn portions of the General Common Elements shall be applied in payment
to all Unit Owners in proportion to their relative percentages of ownership in
the Common Elements. Upon the
withdrawal of any Unit or portion of a Unit, the Owner shall be relieved of
further responsibility or liability for the payment of any assessments, if the
entire Unit is withdrawn, or for the payment of a portion of such assessments
proportional to the diminution in square footage of such Unit, if only a
portion of the Unit is withdrawn.
(d) Compliance with Act. If the property which is damaged or destroyed is not insured
against the peril causing the loss, or if for any other reason the proceeds of
the insurance policy or policies payable by reason of the damage or destruction
are insufficient to reconstruct the property in the manner described in this
Section, and if provision for neither reconstruction nor withdrawal is made
pursuant to subparagraphs (a) or (b), the provisions of the Act shall apply.
(e) Notice to Mortgagees. Prompt written notice of any and all material damage or
destruction to a Unit or any part of the Common Elements shall be given to the
holder of a first mortgage lien on any Unit affected by the damage or
destruction.
6.4 Eminent Domain. The following provisions shall control upon any taking by eminent
domain:
(a) Units and Limited Common
Elements. In the event of any taking of all or any
portion of a Condominium Unit or any appurtenant Limited Common Element, the
award for such taking shall be paid to the Co‑owner of the Unit and the
mortgagee of the Unit, as their interests may appear. If a Co‑owner's entire Unit is taken by eminent domain, the
Co‑owner and his mortgagee shall, after acceptance of the condemnation
award, be divested of all interest in the Condominium Project.
(b) General Common Elements. In the event of any taking
of all or any portion of the
General Common elements, the
condemnation proceeds relative to such taking shall be paid to the Co‑owners
and the mortgagees in proportion to their respective interests in the Common
Elements, and the affirmative vote of two‑thirds or more of the Co‑owners
in number and in value shall determine whether to rebuild, repair or replace
the portion so taken or to take such other action as they deem appropriate.
(c) Amendment to Master Deed. In the event the Condominium Project continues after taking by
eminent domain, the remaining portion of the Condominium Property shall be
resurveyed and the Master Deed and Subdivision Plan shall be amended
accordingly. In addition, if any Unit
shall have been taken, Article V of the Master Deed shall also be amended to
reflect such taking and to proportionately readjust the Percentages of Value of
the remaining Co‑owners based upon the continuing value of the
Condominium of 100%. Such amendment may
be effected by an officer of the Association duly authorized by the Board of
Directors without the necessity of execution or specific approval by any Co‑owner.
(d) Notice to Mortgagees. In the event any Unit in the Condominium, the Common Elements or
any portion of them is made the subject matter of any condemnation or eminent
domain proceeding or is otherwise sought to be acquired by a condemning authority,
the Association promptly shall notify each institutional holder of a first
mortgage lien on any of the Units in the Condominium.
(e) Inconsistent Provisions. To the extent not inconsistent with the provisions of this
section, Section 133 of the Act shall control upon any taking by eminent
domain.
ARTICLE VII
USE
AND OCCUPANCY RESTRICTIONS
7.1 Resort Use. Condominium
Units shall be used exclusively for resort use and occupancy, and no Unit or
appurtenant Common Element shall be used for any purpose other than that of a
single family dwelling or purposes incidental to single family use. No building intended for other business
uses, and no apartment house, rooming house, day care facility, foster care
residence or other commercial structure of any kind shall be erected, placed or
permitted on any Unit.
7.2 Common Areas. The common elements shall be used only by the Co‑owners of
Units in the Condominium and by their agents, tenants, family members, invitees
and licensees for access, ingress to and egress from the respective Units and
for other purposes incidental to use of the Units; provided, that any parking
areas, storage facilities or other common areas designed for a specific purpose
shall be used only for the purposes approved by the Board. The use, maintenance and operation of the
Common Elements shall not be obstructed, damaged or unreasonably interfered
with by any Co‑owner, and shall be subject to any lease or easement
presently in existence or entered into by the Board at some future date which
affects all or any part of the Common Elements.
7.3 Use and Occupancy Restrictions. In addition to the general requirements of Sections 7.1 and 7.2,
the use of the Project and its Common Elements by any Co‑owner shall be
subject to the following specific restrictions:
(a) Exterior Changes. No Co-owner shall make any alterations, additions or improvements
to any General Common Element, nor make changes to the exterior appearance or
structural members of his Unit or Limited Common Elements without the prior
written approval of the Association.
The Association shall not approve any alterations or structural
modifications which would jeopardize or impair the soundness, safety or
appearance of the Project. An Owner may
make alterations, additions or improvements within his Unit without the prior
approval of the Board, but such Owner shall be responsible for any damage to
other Units, the Common Elements, or the Condominium Property resulting from
such alterations, addition or
improvements.
(b) Unit Rental. No portion of a Unit may be rented and no transient tenants may
be accommodated in any building; provided, that this restriction shall not
prevent the rental or sublease of an entire Unit together with its appurtenant
Limited Common Elements for residential purposes in the manner permitted by
Article IX.
(c) Nuisances. No nuisances shall be permitted on the Condominium Property nor
shall any use or practice be permitted which is a source of annoyance to, or
which interferes with the peaceful possession or proper use of the Project by
other occupants. The Common Elements
shall not be used in whole or in part for the storage of rubbish or trash, nor
for the storage of any property or thing that may cause the Condominium
Property to appear in an unclean or untidy condition. No substance or material shall be kept in any Unit or on any
Common Element that will emit foul or obnoxious odors, or that will cause
excessive noise which will or might disturb the peace, quiet, comfort or
serenity of the occupants of surrounding Units.
(d) Prohibited Conduct. No immoral, improper, offensive or unlawful use shall be made of
the Condominium Property, and nothing shall be done or kept in any Unit or on
the Common Elements which will increase the rate of insurance for the Project
without the prior written consent of the Association. No Co‑owner shall permit anything to be done or kept in his
Unit or elsewhere on the Common Elements which will result in the cancellation
of insurance on any part of the Common Elements, or which would be in violation
of any law.
(e) Signs. No signs or other advertising devices shall be displayed from any
cottage or on any Unit which are visible from the exterior of the Unit or from
the Common Elements without written permission from the Association or its
Managing Agent.
(f) Personal Property. No Co‑owner shall display, hang or store within his Unit
any items of personal property which may be visable from the outside of his
Unit (other than draperies or curtains, blinds or shades of a customary nature
and appearance), or paint or decorate or adorn the outside of his Unit, or
install any CB, short wave, satellite dish or other radio or telecommunications
antenna, window air-conditioning unit, snap-in window dividers, awning or other
equipment, fixtures or items of any kind, without the prior written permission
of the Association or its Managing Agent.
The above restrictions shall not be construed to prohibit a Co-owner
from placing and maintaining outdoor furniture and decorative foliage of a
customary nature and appearance on a deck, patio or porch which is a Limited
Common Element appurtenant to his Unit; provided, that no such furniture or
other personal property shall be stored on any open deck, patio or porch which
is visible from another Unit or from the Common Elements of the Project during
the winter season.
(g) Fireworks and Weapons. No Co‑owner shall use, or permit the use by any occupant,
agent, tenant, invitee, guest or member of his family of any firearms, air
rifles, pellet guns, B‑B guns, bows and arrows, illegal fireworks or
other dangerous weapons, projectiles or devices anywhere on or about the
Condominium Property.
(h) Pets and Animals. No animal, including household pets, shall be kept or maintained
in any Unit without the prior written consent of the Association, which
consent, if given, may be revoked at any time by the Association. No exotic, savage or dangerous animal shall
be kept on the Condominium Property and no animal may be kept or bred for
commercial purposes.
Common household pets
permitted by the Association shall be kept only in compliance with the rules
and regulations promulgated by the Board of Directors from time to time, and
must at all times be kept under such care and restraint as not to be obnoxious
on account of noise, odor or unsanitary conditions. No animal shall be permitted to run loose upon the Common
Elements, limited or general, and the owner of each pet shall be responsible
for cleaning up after it.
(i)
Recreational Property. No mobile home, van trailer, tent, shack, garage, accessory
building, outbuilding or other structure of a temporary character shall be
erected, occupied or used at any time without the prior written consent of the
Association. No recreational vehicles,
boats or trailers shall be parked or stored in any Limited Common Element
(ii)
garage if such storage would prevent full closure of the garage door,
or elsewhere on the Condominium Property without the written approval of the
Association. No snowmobile, all‑terrain
vehicle or other motorized recreational vehicle shall be operated on the
Condominium Property. No maintenance or
repair shall be performed on any boat or vehicle except within a garage or
residence where totally isolated from public view.
(j) Common Elements. The General Common Elements shall not be used for the storage of
supplies or personal property (except for such short periods of time as may be
reasonably necessary to permit periodic collection of trash). No vehicles shall be parked on or along the
private drive(s), and Owners and residents shall not use or obstruct any guest
parking areas which may be located on the Common Elements of the Project
without the prior consent of the Association.
No Co-owner shall restrict access to any utility line or other area that
must be accessible to service the Common Elements or which affects an
Association responsibility in any way.
In general, no activity shall be carried on nor condition maintained by
any Co‑owner either in his Unit or upon the Common Elements which
despoils the appearance of the Condominium.
(k) Application of
Restrictions. Absent an election to arbitrate pursuant to
Article XI of these Bylaws, a dispute or question as to whether a violation of
any specific regulation or restriction contained in this Article has occurred
shall be submitted to the Board of Directors of the Association which shall
conduct a hearing and render a decision in writing, which decision shall be
binding upon all owners and other parties having an interest in the Condominium
Project.
7.4 Rules of Conduct. Additional rules and regulations consistent with the Act, the
Master Deed and these Bylaws concerning the use of Condominium Units and Common
Elements, limited and general, may be promulgated and amended by the Board. Copies of such rules and regulations must be
furnished by the Board to each Co‑owner at least 10 days prior to their
effective date, and may be revoked at any time by the affirmative vote of 60%
or more of all Co‑owners.
7.5 Remedies on Breach. In addition to the remedies granted by Section 5.5 for the
collection of assessments the Association shall have the right, in the event of
a violation of the restrictions on use and occupancy imposed by Section 7.3, to
enter the Unit and to remove or correct the cause of the violation. Such entry will not constitute a trespass,
and the Co‑owner of the Unit will reimburse the Association for all costs
of the removal or correction. Failure
to enforce any of the restrictions contained in this Article will not constitute
a waiver of the right of the Association to enforce such restrictions in the
future.
7.6 Enforcement by Developer. The Condominium Project shall at all times be maintained in a
manner consistent with the highest standards of a private resort community,
used and occupied for the benefit of the Co‑owners and all other persons
interested in the Condominium. If at
any time the Association fails or refuses to carry out its obligations to
maintain, repair, replace and landscape in a manner consistent with the
maintenance of such standards, the Developer, or any person to whom it may
assign this right may, at its option, elect to maintain, repair and/or replace
any Common Elements or to do any landscaping required by these bylaws and to
charge the cost to the Association as an expense of administration. The Developer shall have the right to
enforce these bylaws throughout the Development and Sales Period, which right
of enforcement shall include (without limitation) an action to restrain the
Association or any Co‑owner from any prohibited activity.
7.7 Co‑owner Enforcement. An aggrieved Co‑owner will also be entitled to compel
enforcement of the Condominium Documents by action for injunctive relief and/or
damages against the Association, its officers or another Co‑owner in the
Project.
7.8 Reserved Rights of Developer. The restrictions contained in this Article shall not apply to the commercial activities of the Developer during the Development and Sale Period, or of the Association in the exercise of the powers and purposes contained in these Bylaws and in the Articles of Incorporation, as they may be amended from time to time.